Walls And Ceilings

If the ceilings are made of concrete, and walls made of concrete or brick, first prepare the bottom of the walls. Then make scaffolding, preparing the upper walls of the scaffolding to the ceiling and the ceiling and start plastering the ceiling, then top of the wall. After plastering the walls of the top of the scaffolding was removed and the bottom of plaster walls, rubbing husk. If you want to pull the curtain, then perform them after the ceiling and upper walls of plaster applied primer. Stretching ledge and to cut corners, perform finish coat on the ceilings and walls on top and rubbed. As you move through the plaster on the walls of plaster slopes. If the walls and ceiling are wooden, the first stuffed drann on the walls to a level as get them off the floor.

After this suit scaffolding and stuffed them drann on top of the walls and ceiling. The sequence of plastering is the same as stated above. If you want only one plaster wall, then they, First of all, prepare, arrange scaffolding and plaster. The order of plastering the next. Prepare the liquid (creamy) solution for scratch coat and apply it by throwing a continuous layer with no gaps. Apply the spray can on the whole surface or part thereof.

For the first layer of soil solution was prepared in the form of a thick creamy mass, throwing it on the spray, covering it with a continuous layer. Exactly the same solution, or more dense cover the second layer of soil, throwing his or buttering and well . Depending on the thickness of plaster applied to the soil for three or more times. All sinks and other defects on the ground correct. Only after this prepare a solution for the finish coat. Cover them leveled ground, level it, after setting will be overwritten. We remind you that the next layer of solution is applied to the previous one only after its seizure or hardened to such an extent that it is followed by a layer of the solution does not pull away from the wall and did not fall from ceilings.

The Surrounding

Machinery and extent of more than 1000 new cities grew during the years of Soviet power, built tens of thousands of industrial enterprises were built thousands of schools, cinemas, tens of millions of apartments. Such a huge scale and rapid Construction did not know none of the previous era. Each year we carry out construction work on 5-7% more than in the previous year, and builders continue to build momentum. This was made possible thanks to the changes that occurred in construction for years of Soviet power. Chief among them – the industrialization of building production, mechanization of construction, the maximum replacement of all types of manual labor machine. Today with the help of machines perform nearly all the heavy construction work: dig and move soil is prepared and placed the concrete mix is transported and assembled multi-ton structure. Machines make it easy to work and people in other jobs – help plastering and painting, welding metal, screw nut and hammer nails.

Widespread use of machines allowed in a new way to organize the construction industry. The most difficult and time-consuming to build – fabrication, the elements of future buildings – usually performed today at the factory, on the conveyor. Thousands of special plants, hundreds of house-building factory supplying construction today structures, components and materials. A construction site tend to leave only the processes of assembly and erection of prefabricated elements. Changed, and much more: develop new high-strength, lightweight and durable building materials and construction, improved ways to perform many construction activities, there are new methods of construction, faster, cheaper, requiring less labor and time so There is such a thing as a construction tender, through which you can effectively use the resources of the company. All this has enabled nearly 40-fold increase compared with pre-revolutionary times, the volume of construction in the country and dramatically increase productivity builders. Modern building – is highly industrialized, a giant in its scope, scale and its significance branch of human activity. The first Construction of man: primitive screens in the wind, dugouts, tents and shacks – such as in this lost in the tropical jungles of the village – were little different from the surrounding nature and each other.

Window Slopes

First plaster tops of slopes at a pre-hung horizontal racks. Then rules hung vertically on the sides of slopes and plaster them. Rules attached to the walls with clamps fixed with plaster or nailed. The solution was applied on the slopes, level wooden bevel (Fig. 20) cut from the boards to form the slope and fettered steel sheet. Fig. Malki for leveling solution zaglushinah: a – between a window box, standing on different levels, b – between a window box, standing on one level, in – device lower zaglushin; 1 – a simple 2-s shoulders Fig. Malki for leveling solution for window slopes: plugged between a window box plaster as well as slopes.

Malki device plug shown in Fig. 21. After leveling and setting solution zaglushiny bottom rail. Inner slopes of plaster with the same solution as the walls inside the rooms. Outer slopes (except lower) complex plaster or cement solution.

Lower outer slopes (Plum) and drowned between window boxes (with them) plaster with cement mortar. Lower outer slopes (plum) because of their large exposure to weathering coated steel roofing. Installation of window sills Window sills are concrete, wood, mosaic and marble. Set them on a level with a slight deviation from a window box to the side of the room (up to 5-7 C). Bottom sill, at a distance of 3-5 cm from the edge, to be arranged in a longitudinal groove (drip) 1-1,5 cm depth for water drainage away from the wall. The wall surface on which you install window sill clear of dust and washed with water.