Design Environment

From mid-century urban architecture, there is a new direction – design of the urban environment. Under this direction to understand the complex formation of the public space of the city, located at the first floor of city building and providing livelihoods of the urban community. The main elements with which taken shape public space of the city are small and large architectural forms. Historically, the first came the notion of architectural forms, interpret the elements of street furniture and equipment as separate items of architectural spaces of the city. But as it turned out later, organize vysokokomfortnuyu urban environment with individual architectural compositions and works impossible. Therefore, in large cities has matured the idea of an integrated approach to building design urban environment.

Administration of many cities where there is an active construction program developed a comprehensive improvement of public areas. The implementation of these programs involves the use of modern high-quality small and large architectural shapes and other elements of a comprehensive improvement to design and implement the most ambitious design projects, urban environment. But today nearly every such project is the main compositional solution, made with the help of monumental sculpture. Consider in detail the concept. Sculpture – a kind of art based on the principle of three-dimensional image any subject. Objects of sculptural images are most often men, less animals, nature, or even fewer things. A monumental sculpture designed for specific architectural and spatial or natural environment, is addressed to a mass audience and is intended to specify the architectural image and add to the expressiveness of architectural forms with new shades.

Contract Landscape

It was at this time was the popular idea of "natural man, living in natural conditions, and slogan of "Social Contract" by Jean Jacques Rousseau – "Back to Nature!" found active supporters among the owners of large and small estates. According to some researchers, a landscape style came to Europe from the eastern countries, particularly from China and Japan with their worship of the beauty of nature and firm conviction that harmony can be achieved with an asymmetric arrangement of objects on the site. But to assert such would not be quite correct, as familiarity with the traditions of the East, held by traveling to China in the second half of the XIII century, the famous explorer Marco Polo, did not prevent the formation and on a victory march European states regular style of landscape art. Only at the beginning of XX century Eastern traditions, based on a deep symbolism, conciseness and apparent simplicity, have entered into the architecture and landscape design in Europe. Thus, a landscape style was the result of historical development of society and not the result of blind imitation of oriental traditions. Europeans borrowed only the outside of the eastern landscape design: staged in parks and gardens, pavilions, pagodas and pavilions in mostochki Chinese spirit, the same ideas of Oriental sages, based on the philosophical and religious world view, remained alien to Europeans. The most famous representatives of a new trend in gardening began, William Kent, Lancelot Brown and Humphrey Repton. Created by Kent concept plan garden is built on the notion that nature is not peculiar to direct line.